Hauv lub ntiaj teb sib txuas, cov hloov pauv thiab cov routers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov khoom siv seamless thiab cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov haujlwm thiab cov ntawv thov feem ntau tsis to taub. Kab lus no ua kom meej meej txog kev sib txawv ntawm network network thiab cov routers thiab pab cov neeg siv tsev thiab cov lag luam txiav txim siab txog lawv cov cuab yeej ua lag luam network.
Txheeb xyuas network thiab cov routers
Hloov pauv:
Lub network hloov yog lub cuab yeej uas txuas ntau cov khoom siv hauv thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam network (LAN).
Nws pab txhawb kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm kev cia cov khoom siv sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus.
Cov hloov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txuas txheej txheem (txheej 2) ntawm OSI qauv, siv MAC chaw nyob rau pem hauv ntej cov ntaub ntawv mus rau qhov chaw raug.
router:
Routers txuas ntau lub network thiab pob ntawv ncaj qha nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Nws txhawb kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv, xws li txuas lub tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm network rau Is Taws Nem.
Cov routers ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub network txheej (txheej 3) ntawm OSI qauv thiab siv IP chaw nyob rau cov ntaub ntawv rau cov chaw.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov thiab router
1. Muaj nuj nqi thiab lub luag haujlwm
Hloov: feem ntau yog siv los txuas cov khoom siv hauv ib lub network. Lawv ua kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov khoom sib txuas xws li khoos phis tawj, luam tawm thiab cov servers.
Router: Siv los txuas cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv. Lawv tswj cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ntawm tes hauj lwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha los ntawm ib lub network mus rau lwm tus, xws li lub tsev network rau Is Taws Nem.
2. Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kis
Hloov: siv lub Mac chaw nyob los txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj ntawm pob ntawv hauv lub zos network. Qhov no tso cai rau sib txuas lus ncaj qha tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev coj mus txuas network.
Router: Siv IP chaw nyob los txiav txim txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev mus ncig ntawm tes hauj lwm. Lawv cov txheej txheem hauv lawv raws li cov chaw nyob hauv network, kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv nce mus txog qhov chaw raug, txawm li hauv lub zos network lossis hauv Is Taws Nem.
3. Network Segmentation
Hloov: Ntau VLans (Virtual Cheeb Tsam Chaw Haujlwm) tuaj yeem tsim rau ntu network tsheb hauv ib lub network. Qhov no pab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab tswj hwm.
Router: tuaj yeem txuas cov Vlans sib txawv thiab cov kev khiav ntawm lawv. Lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus hauv-VLAN thiab txuas cov ntu sib txawv.
4. Kev ruaj ntseg thiab tswj kev tswj hwm
Hloov: muab cov qhab nia kev ruaj ntseg zoo xws li Mac chaw nyob lim thiab VLAN Segmentation. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg siab.
Router: Ua kev ruaj ntseg siab ruaj ruaj suav nrog Firewall, VPN txhawb nqa, thiab NAT (NETWORT txhais lus). Cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv lub network los ntawm kev hem thawj sab nraud thiab tswj lub tsheb khiav tau zoo.
5. Siv tau cov xwm txheej
Hloov mus: Zoo rau kev ncua ib lub network hauv ib qho chaw. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm, cov tsev nyob thiab cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv txuas rau txuas cov khoom siv thiab xyuas kom muaj kev sib txuas lus kom du.
Router: Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntau lub network thiab muab Internet nkag mus. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tsev, kev lag luam, thiab tus muab kev pabcuam koom tes los tswj cov ntaub ntawv tsheb thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas nrog kev sib txuas nrog.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv ntawm cov hloov pauv thiab cov routers
Tsev Network:
Hloov: Txuas Ntau Yam khoom siv xws li khoos phis tawj, Smart TVs, thiab kev ua si hauv lub tsev network. Nco ntsoov tias txhua lub twj tuaj yeem sib txuas lus thiab muab cov khoom siv xws li cov tshuab luam ntawv thiab khoom siv cia.
Router: Txuas koj lub tsev network rau Is Taws Nem. Tswj cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ntawm koj lub network thiab koj tus kws kho mob hauv internet (ISP), muab cov yam ntxwv siv rau Wi-FI sib txuas, DHCP, thiab kev nyab xeeb los ntawm cov firewalls.
Kev Lag Luam Me Network:
Hloov: Txuas cov khoom siv ua haujlwm xws li PCs, luam ntawv, cov neeg luam ntawv, cov servers, thiab lwm yam. Txhim kho kev tswj hwm cov ntaub ntawv hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
Router: Txuas lub chaw ua haujlwm network rau Is Taws Nem thiab lwm yam chaw taws teeb. Muab cov kev ruaj ntseg xws li VPN rau cov chaw taws teeb kom tau txais kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub tawm tsam cov koom tes ua phem.
Corporate Network:
Cov pob hluav taws xob: siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom loj-teev cov ntaub ntawv txuas rau ntau pua lossis txhiab tus ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv lossis cov plag tsev. Txhawb cov yam ntxwv vlans rau network segmentation thiab qos (kev ua haujlwm zoo) rau kev ua ntej kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Routers: Txuas chaw ua haujlwm Disparate thiab cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas lus, kev sib txuas lus nyab xeeb thoob plaws hauv lub koom haum. Tswj cov txheej txheem kev cai thiab muab cov kev ruaj ntseg kev ruaj ntseg los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv rhiab.
Hauv kev xaus
Nkag siab txog cov cwj pwm sib txawv thiab cov haujlwm ntawm cov network hloov thiab cov routers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho lub network, kev nyab xeeb network. Cov hloov pauv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus sab hauv, thaum cov routers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas cov network sib txawv thiab tswj hwm cov kev ntws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv. Los ntawm kev siv dag zog ntawm ob qho khoom siv, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem tsim cov kev daws teeb meem loj kom tau raws li lawv cov kev xav tau sib txuas. Ntawm todahike, peb muab ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm siab hloov thiab routers kom pab koj tsim kom muaj lub network zoo nkauj network rau koj lub tsev lossis kev lag luam.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Jul-10-2024
