Hauv lub ntiaj teb kev sib txuas lus, cov keyboards thiab routers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev sib txuas zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov haujlwm thiab cov ntawv thov feem ntau nkag siab yuam kev. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yog txhawm rau qhia meej qhov sib txawv ntawm cov keyboards network thiab routers thiab pab cov neeg siv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam txiav txim siab paub txog lawv cov txheej txheem network.
Txhais lub network keyboards thiab routers
Network hloov:
Lub network hloov yog ib qho cuab yeej uas txuas ntau yam khoom siv hauv ib cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam network (LAN).
Nws pab txhawb kev sib koom los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg.
Hloov ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txuas txheej (Txheej 2) ntawm OSI qauv, siv MAC chaw nyob xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau qhov chaw raug.
router:
Routers txuas ntau lub network thiab ncaj qha pob ntawv ntawm lawv.
Nws txhawb kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv, xws li txuas lub tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm hauv Is Taws Nem.
Routers ua haujlwm ntawm txheej txheej network (txheej txheej 3) ntawm OSI qauv thiab siv IP chaw nyob rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau qhov chaw.
Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm Hloov thiab Router
1. Kev ua haujlwm thiab lub luag haujlwm
Hloov: Feem ntau yog siv los txuas cov khoom siv hauv ib lub network. Lawv ua kom cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tau zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov khoom siv txuas nrog xws li khoos phis tawj, tshuab luam ntawv thiab servers.
Router: siv los txuas cov network sib txawv. Lawv tswj cov ntaub ntawv khiav ntawm tes hauj lwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha los ntawm ib lub network mus rau lwm qhov, xws li lub tsev network mus rau Is Taws Nem.
2. Cov ntaub ntawv xa mus
Hloov: Siv MAC chaw nyob los txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm pob ntawv hauv lub network hauv zos. Qhov no tso cai rau cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus ncaj qha nrog ib leeg yam tsis tas yuav muaj kev sib txuas hauv network.
Router: Siv IP chaw nyob los txiav txim txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntaub ntawv mus ncig ntawm tes hauj lwm. Lawv xa cov ntaub ntawv raws li qhov chaw nyob hauv network, kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv mus txog qhov tseeb, txawm nyob hauv lub network hauv zos lossis hauv Is Taws Nem.
3. Network segmentation
Hloov: Ntau VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) tuaj yeem tsim los rau ntu kev sib txuas hauv network hauv ib lub network. Qhov no pab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev tswj hwm.
Router: tuaj yeem txuas VLANs sib txawv thiab kev khiav tsheb ntawm lawv. Lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau inter-VLAN kev sib txuas lus thiab sib txuas sib txawv network ntu.
4. Kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev tswj xyuas tsheb
Hloov: Muab kev ruaj ntseg nta xws li MAC chaw lim dej thiab VLAN segmentation. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg siab heev.
Router: Muab kev ruaj ntseg zoo tshaj plaws nrog rau firewall, kev txhawb nqa VPN, thiab NAT (Network Address Translation). Cov yam ntxwv no tiv thaiv lub network los ntawm kev hem sab nraud thiab tswj kev khiav tsheb kom zoo dua.
5. Cov kev siv ib txwm siv
Hloov: Zoo rau kev txuas lub network hauv ib qho chaw. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv chaw ua hauj lwm, tsev thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam los txuas cov khoom siv thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo.
Router: Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntau lub network thiab muab kev siv internet. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tsev, kev lag luam, thiab cov chaw muab kev pabcuam sib txuas los tswj cov ntaub ntawv kev khiav tsheb thiab xyuas kom muaj kev sib txuas ruaj ntseg.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov keyboards thiab routers
Hauv tsev network:
Hloov: Txuas ntau yam khoom siv xws li khoos phis tawj, TVs ntse, thiab game consoles hauv tsev network. Nco ntsoov tias txhua yam khoom siv tuaj yeem sib txuas lus thiab sib koom cov peev txheej xws li tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov khoom siv cia.
Router: Txuas koj lub tsev network rau hauv Is Taws Nem. Tswj cov ntaub ntawv khiav ntawm koj lub network hauv tsev thiab koj Tus Kws Pabcuam Hauv Is Taws Nem (ISP), muab cov yam ntxwv xws li Wi-Fi txuas, DHCP, thiab kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm firewalls.
Small Business Network:
Hloov: txuas cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm xws li PCs, tshuab luam ntawv, IP xov tooj, servers, thiab lwm yam. Txhim khu kev ua haujlwm hauv network los ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv khiav hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
Router: Txuas lub chaw ua haujlwm network rau Is Taws Nem thiab lwm cov chaw taws teeb tswj. Muab kev ruaj ntseg nta xws li VPN kom ruaj ntseg nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb thiab firewall tiv thaiv network hem.
Lub koom haum network:
Hloov: Siv rau hauv kev xa tawm loj los txuas ntau pua lossis ntau txhiab lub cuab yeej hauv ntau lub tuam tsev lossis hauv pem teb. Txhawb nqa cov yam ntxwv siab heev xws li VLANs rau kev sib faib network thiab QoS (Kev Pabcuam Zoo) rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Routers: Txuas cov chaw ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas lus ruaj ntseg thoob plaws hauv lub koom haum. Tswj cov txheej txheem routing nyuaj thiab muab kev ruaj ntseg zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev.
nyob rau hauv xaus
Kev nkag siab txog lub luag haujlwm sib txawv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov keyboards network thiab routers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ruaj ntseg network. Cov keyboards yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus hauv lub network, thaum routers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntws ntawm lawv. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm ob qho khoom siv, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem tsim cov kev sib txuas lus muaj zog kom tau raws li lawv cov kev xav tau sib txuas. Ntawm Todahike, peb muab ntau yam kev ua haujlwm siab hloov pauv thiab routers los pab koj tsim lub network zoo tshaj plaws rau koj lub tsev lossis kev lag luam.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-10-2024
