Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho ntau xyoo hauv cov khoom siv hauv Is Taws Nem, peb tau sib tham txog cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov kev daws teeb meem rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv tsev broadband hauv tsev. Ua ntej, nws txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm tsev broadband hauv tsev network zoo, thiab sau cov ntsiab lus ntau yam xws li fiber ntau optics, rooj vag, routers, Wi-Fi, thiab cov neeg siv kev ua haujlwm uas ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv tsev broadband hauv tsev network zoo. Qhov thib ob, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv tsev hauv tsev uas cim los ntawm Wi-Fi 6 thiab FTTR (Fiber To The Room) yuav raug qhia.
1. Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov teeb meem hauv tsev broadband sab hauv tsev zoo
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm FTTH (fiber-rau-tsev), vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib kis ntawm qhov muag, qhov muag pom kev sib cais thiab kev sib txuas cov cuab yeej poob, thiab kho qhov muag fiber ntau khoov, lub zog kho qhov muag tau txais los ntawm lub qhov rooj yuav qis thiab qhov yuam kev me ntsis yuav siab, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv pob ntawv poob tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem xa mus rau sab saud. , tus nqi poob.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm kho vajtse ntawm cov rooj vag qub feem ntau tsis tshua muaj, thiab cov teeb meem xws li CPU siab thiab kev siv lub cim xeeb thiab cov khoom siv cua sov tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm lub rooj vag. Cov rooj vag qub feem ntau tsis txhawb nqa gigabit network speeds, thiab qee lub rooj vag qub kuj muaj teeb meem xws li cov chips outdated, uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub network thiab tus nqi theoretical, uas ntxiv kev txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm txhim kho. tus neeg siv kev paub hauv online. Tam sim no, cov rooj vag ntse hauv tsev qub uas tau siv rau 3 xyoos lossis ntau dua ntawm lub network nyob tseem nyob ntawm qee qhov kev faib ua feem thiab yuav tsum tau hloov.
2.4GHz zaus band yog ISM (Industrial-Scientific-Medical) zaus band. Nws yog siv los ua ib qho kev siv ntau zaus rau cov xov tooj cua xws li wireless hauv cheeb tsam network, wireless nkag system, Bluetooth system, point-to-point lossis point-to-multipoint kis spectrum kev sib txuas lus, nrog ob peb qhov kev pab cuam thiab txwv bandwidth. Tam sim no, tseem muaj qee qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm lub rooj vag txhawb nqa 2.4GHz Wi-Fi zaus band hauv lub network uas twb muaj lawm, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke / qhov sib txuas zaus cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Vim muaj cov kab mob software thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntawm qee lub rooj vag, PPPoE kev sib txuas tau nquag poob thiab cov rooj vag tau nquag rov pib dua, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua ntawm kev siv Internet rau cov neeg siv. Tom qab PPPoE kev twb kev txuas yog passively cuam tshuam (piv txwv li, lub uplink kis tau tus mob txuas yog cuam tshuam), txhua lub rooj vag chaw tsim tshuaj paus muaj inconsistent cov qauv siv rau WAN chaw nres nkoj nrhiav thiab rov ua PPPoE dialing. Qee tus neeg tsim khoom lub rooj vag kuaj pom ib zaug txhua 20 vib nas this, thiab rov qab tsuas yog tom qab 30 qhov kev tshawb pom tsis tiav. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav siv sij hawm 10 feeb rau lub rooj vag kom pib PPPoE replay tom qab passively mus offline, cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv kev paub.
Ntau thiab ntau tus neeg siv lub rooj vag hauv tsev tau teeb tsa nrog routers (tom qab no hu ua "routers"). Ntawm cov routers no, ob peb tsuas yog txhawb nqa 100M WAN chaw nres nkoj, lossis (thiab) tsuas yog txhawb Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b / g / n).
Qee cov tuam txhab tsim cov routers tseem tsuas muaj ib qho ntawm WAN cov chaw nres nkoj lossis Wi-Fi raws tu qauv uas txhawb Gigabit network ceev, thiab dhau los ua "pseudo-Gigabit" routers. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub router txuas nrog lub rooj vag los ntawm lub network cable, thiab lub network cable siv los ntawm cov neeg siv yog ib qho ntawm qeb 5 lossis super qeb 5 cable, uas muaj lub neej luv luv thiab tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv tsuas yog. txhawb 100M ceev. Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov lus hais saum toj no thiab cov kab hluav taws xob network tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov gigabit tom ntej thiab super-gigabit networks. Qee lub routers rov pib dua ntau zaus vim cov khoom lag luam teeb meem zoo, cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv kev paub.
Wi-Fi yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb hauv tsev wireless, tab sis ntau lub rooj vag hauv tsev tau muab tso rau hauv cov thawv tsis muaj zog tam sim no ntawm tus neeg siv lub qhov rooj. Kev txwv los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub thawv tsis muaj zog tam sim no, cov khoom siv ntawm lub hau npog, thiab lub tsev nyuaj, lub teeb liab Wi-Fi tsis txaus los npog txhua qhov chaw sab hauv tsev. Qhov deb ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg yog los ntawm Wi-nkaus nkag mus, qhov teeb meem ntau dua, thiab ntau dua qhov poob ntawm lub teeb liab lub zog, uas yuav ua rau kev sib txuas tsis ruaj khov thiab cov ntaub ntawv poob.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas hauv tsev ntawm ntau yam Wi-Fi li, cov teeb meem tib-zaus thiab nyob ib sab-channel cuam tshuam feem ntau tshwm sim vim tsis tsim nyog channel teeb tsa, ntxiv txo tus nqi Wi-Fi.
Thaum qee cov neeg siv txuas lub router mus rau lub rooj vag, vim tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, lawv tuaj yeem txuas lub router mus rau qhov tsis yog-gigabit network chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub rooj vag, lossis lawv yuav tsis txuas lub network cable nruj, ua rau cov chaw nres nkoj xoob. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, txawm hais tias tus neeg siv sau npe rau qhov kev pabcuam gigabit lossis siv lub router gigabit, nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov kev pabcuam gigabit ruaj khov, uas tseem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm los daws qhov yuam kev.
Qee cov neeg siv muaj ntau yam khoom siv txuas nrog Wi-nkaus hauv lawv lub tsev (ntau dua 20) lossis ntau daim ntawv thov rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kub ceev tib lub sijhawm, uas tseem yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem loj ntawm Wi-Fi channel thiab tsis ruaj khov Wi-Fi kev sib txuas.
Qee cov neeg siv siv cov terminals qub uas tsuas yog txhawb nqa ib zaus Wi-Fi 2.4GHz zaus band lossis cov txheej txheem Wi-Fi qub, yog li lawv tsis tuaj yeem tau txais kev paub hauv Internet ruaj khov thiab ceev.
2. Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab los txhim kho sab hauv network Zoo
High-bandwidth, low-latency services xws li 4K/8K high-definition video, AR/VR, online education, thiab home office tau maj mam dhau los ua cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv hauv tsev. Qhov no tso cov kev xav tau siab dua ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev broadband network, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev broadband sab hauv tsev. Lub tsev broadband nyob sab hauv tsev uas twb muaj lawm raws li FTTH (Fiber To The House, fiber ntau rau hauv tsev) thev naus laus zis tau nyuaj ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau saum toj no. Txawm li cas los xij, Wi-Fi 6 thiab FTTR thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua cov kev pabcuam saum toj no thiab yuav tsum tau xa mus rau qhov loj kom sai li sai tau.
Wi-Fi 6
Hauv 2019, Wi-Fi Alliance tau hu ua 802.11ax thev naus laus zis Wi-Fi 6, thiab hu ua yav dhau los 802.11ax thiab 802.11n thev naus laus zis Wi-Fi 5 thiab Wi-Fi 4 raws li.
Wi-Fi 6 qhia OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology), 1024QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, quadrature amplitude modulation) thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis tshiab, qhov theoretical siab tshaj plaws rub tawm tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag 9.6Gbit / s. Piv nrog rau Wi-Fi 4 thiab Wi-Fi 5 cov thev naus laus zis ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam, nws muaj kev sib kis ntau dua, muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dua, kev pabcuam qis dua, kev pabcuam dav dua thiab lub zog me me. noj.
FTTR Technology
FTTR hais txog kev xa tawm ntawm txhua qhov chaw kho qhov muag thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm FTTH, thiab kev ua tiav ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau rau cov chav siv los ntawm PON thev naus laus zis.
FTTR lub rooj vag tseem ceeb yog lub hauv paus ntawm FTTR network. Nws txuas mus rau sab saud mus rau OLT kom muab fiber ntau-rau-tus-tsev, thiab nqes mus muab cov chaw nres nkoj kho qhov muag los txuas ntau lub FTTR qhev rooj vag. FTTR qhev lub rooj vag sib txuas lus nrog cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg los ntawm Wi-nkaus thiab Ethernet interfaces, muab txoj haujlwm txuas rau xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg mus rau lub rooj vag tseem ceeb, thiab lees txais kev tswj hwm thiab tswj ntawm FTTR lub rooj vag loj. FTTR kev sib txuas lus tau pom hauv daim duab.
Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj xws li kev sib txuas hauv network cable, kev sib txuas hluav taws xob, thiab kev sib txuas wireless, FTTR tes hauj lwm muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no.
Ua ntej, cov khoom siv sib txuas muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab siab dua bandwidth. Kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau ntawm tus tswv lub rooj vag thiab lub rooj vag qhev tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv gigabit bandwidth rau txhua chav ntawm tus neeg siv, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm tus neeg siv lub tsev network hauv txhua yam. FTTR network muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev sib kis bandwidth thiab ruaj khov.
Qhov thib ob yog zoo dua Wi-Fi kev pab them nqi thiab zoo dua. Wi-Fi 6 yog tus qauv teeb tsa ntawm FTTR rooj vag, thiab ob qho tib si lub rooj vag tswv thiab lub rooj vag qhev tuaj yeem muab kev sib txuas ntawm Wi-Fi, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Wi-Fi kev sib txuas thiab teeb liab lub zog.
Qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev network intranet cuam tshuam los ntawm yam xws li lub tsev network layout, cov neeg siv khoom, thiab cov neeg siv terminals. Yog li ntawd, nrhiav thiab nrhiav qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev network yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj ntawm lub network nyob. Txhua lub tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus lossis cov chaw muab kev pabcuam network tso rau nws tus kheej cov kev daws teeb meem. Piv txwv li, kev daws teeb meem rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev network intranet thiab nrhiav qhov tsis zoo; txuas ntxiv mus tshawb nrhiav daim ntawv thov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj thiab cov cuab yeej txawj ntse txawj ntse hauv kev txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas hauv tsev hauv tsev; txhawb kev siv FTTR thiab Wi-Fi 6 thev naus laus zis Wide network zoo hauv paus thiab ntau dua.
Post lub sij hawm: May-26-2023
